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The 13 Original
American Colonies

cohorts: Transcendental Generation - Prophet, Idealist Type (1792-1821)
Abraham Lincoln, James Polk, Millard Fillmore, Franklin Pierce, Andrew Johnson, Dred Scott, John Brown, William Tecumseh Sherman, Brigham Young, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Henry Longfellow, Frederick Douglass, Edgar Allen Poe, Harriet Tubman, Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Henry David Thoreau, Walt Whitman, Charles Goodyear, William Seward, Robert E. Lee, Jefferson Davis, Phineas T. Barnum, Kit Carson, [Author's great, great grandfather Alexander Hamilton Murray (born in Kentucky, 1821)]

Timeline events: Outer-Driven Era

(1788) Federalist Papers are published as the States consider the new Constitution
(1789) Constitution ratified, first Congress convenes and George Washington elected 1st President, Henry Knox becomes head of the first War Department , Jonn Jay becomes the first Chief Justice , first 12 ammendments to the Constitution submitted to Congress, John Jacob Astor buys his first piece of land in New York
(1790) Census Act, Naturalization Act and the Copyright Act are passed, Ben Franklin dies, Congress votes to build a new Capitol on the Potomac River, in Rhode Island Samuel Slater opens a cotten mill, using child labor and a stolen process from Britain, signalling the beginning of the Industrial Revolution in America
(1791) Vermont becomes the 14th State, Congress frames the Bill of Rights, Bank of the United States formed, in Boston the first American historical society, The Massachusetts Historical Society, is formed
(1792) The Democratic-Republican Party (later to become the Democratic Party) formed, Presidential Succession Act passed, national mint formed by the Coinage Act, Kentucky becomes the 15th State, Captain Robert Gray discovers the Columbia River, Capitol Building and White House begun, the New York Stock Exchange is organized, George Washington is reelected President
(1793) Congress enacts a Fugitive Slave Act, Washington declares neutrality in war between France and England, Thomas Jefferson resigns as Secretary of State, Eli Whitney invents the cotton gin
(1794) The Whiskey Rebellion breaks out in Pennsylvania, the Battle of Fallen Timbers , Jay's Treaty signed with Great Britain
(1795) The Treaty of San Lorenzo, defining North American territory, is signed with Spain, the Treaty of Grenville is signed with 12 Indian tribes, the first railroad in the US is built on Boston's Beacon Hill
(1796) Implementation of Jay's Treaty brings the US to the brink of war with France, Congress passes a Land Act for the Northwest Territories , John Adams elected President, Washington's farewell address
(1797) Peace negotiations with France fail as the XYZ Affair unfolds, the USS Constitution ("Old Ironsides") is launched as the US Navy builds up, iron plow patented
(1798) The 11th Ammendment is ratified, debtors prison abolished by Congress, Congress establishes the Mississippi Territory, the XYZ Affair leads to Alien and Sedition Acts
(1799) Patrick Henry and George Washington die, the Cordwainers (shoemakers) call the first US labor strike in Philadelphia
(1800) Napolean Bonaparte receives William Murray as the US representative to negotiate peace with France, the Library of Congress is established, the Federal Government moves to Washington D.C., US signs the Convention of 1800 with France ending undeclared war, France secretly obtains the Louisiana Territory from Spain, Thomas Jefferson selected by the House to be President, horticulturist John Chapman (Johnny Appleseed) begins his career of planting apple trees in the Ohio Valley
(1801) John Marshall nominated as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, Tripoli declares war on the US
(1802) West Point Military Academy established, the Enabling Act provides for formation of states
(1803) Jefferson obtains funding for a western expedition, 12th Ammendment is passed, Louisiana Purchase, Supreme Court power established in Marbury v. Madison
(1804)Lewis and Clark launch their expedition, Jefferson reelected, Alexander Hamilton killed in duel with Aaron Burr
(1805) U.S. war with Tripoli ends
(1806) Noah Webster publishes "Compendious Dictionary of the English Language"
(1807) Congress passes the Embargo Act, Manuel Lisa founds Fort Manuel and sends the "mountain men" into the west for furs, Robert Fulton launches the Clermont
(1808)James Madison elected President, Congress prohibits importation of African slaves
(1809) Congrss passes Nonintercourse Act
(1810) Macon's Bill No. 2 repeals restrictions on trade with France and Britain, Yale Medical School established
(1811) The Battle of Tippecanoe , first Mississippi Steamboat
(1812) Madison reelected, War of 1812 ,
(1813) Tecumseh makes a stand on the banks of the Thames River
(1814) Andrew Jackson ends the Creek Wars , British capture Washington D.C and burn the Capitol, Francis Scott Key writes the "Star Spangled Banner" during a battle at Ft. McHenry
(1815) British defeated at the Battle of New Orleans
(1816) James Monroe elected President
(1817) Work begins on the Erie Canal, Liberia is established by the Society for the Return of Negroes to Africa
(1818) U.S. and Britain agree on the 49th parallel as a boundry
(1819) the Panic of 1819, US Bank established in McCulloch v. Maryland
(1820) Monroe reelected, Missouri Compromise, Washington Irving pulishes "The Sketchbook"
(1821) Stephen Austin arrives in Texas, Sequoya develops the Indian Alphabet, James Fenimore Cooper publishes "The Spy", Congress rejects the Metric System

Foreign Contemporaries: Alexis de Tocqueville, John Stuart Mill, Karl Marx, Queen Victoria, Commodore Matthew Perry, John Keats, Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley, Victor Hugo, Hans Christian Anderson, Charles Darwin, Frederic Chopin, Franz Liszt, Charles Dickens, Richard Wagner, Giuseppe Verdi, Florence Nightingale, Otto von Bismarck, Auguste Comte, George Boole

Foreign Timeline Events: The fall of the Bastille (1789), The French Revolution begins (1793), Smallpox vaccine (1796), Haydn composes "The Creation" (1798), Malthus publishes "Essays on the Principles of Population" (1798), Rosetta Stone found in Egypt (1799), Beethoven composes "Symphony No. 1 in C major" (1800), Volta invents the electric battery (1800), Socialism developes in Europe (1800), Lamarck coins the term "biology" (1802), Napoleon declares himself Emperor (1804), British defeat French/Spanish forces at the Battle of Trafalgar (1805), Beethoven composes "Violin Concerto" (1806), Morphine isolated (1806), excavations of Pompeii begin (1808), George Cayley builds the first successful glider (1809), Sir Walter Scott publishes "Lady of the Lake" (1810), Jane Austen publishes "Sense and Sensibility" (1811), Grimm brothers publish "Grimm's Fairy Tales" (1812), Napoleon is defeated and Louis XVIII is returned to the French throne (1814), Napoleon returns and is again defeated at Waterloo (1815), Mary Shelley writes "Frankenstein" (1818), Simon Bolivar elected President of Venezuela (1819), Lord Byron publishes "Don Juan" (1819), Peru, Guatamala, Mexico and Venezuela achieve independance (1821)

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